Informatics and Information Technologies
HUBSKY O.M. Analysis of User Interfaces for Ground Control Stations of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
KOVAL R.Yu. Method of Increasing the Efficiency of High-Load Systems based on Microservices Architecture
IVANESHKIN O.I. Analysis of a Queueing System of the Type Ek / El / 1 / R With a Pair of Incoming Flows of Requests, Absolute Priority, Limited Bufer and Waiting Time
Intelligent Control and Systems
ARALOVA N.I., ARALOVA A.A., VYSHENSKYY V.I., MASHKINA I.V., RADZIEJOWSKI P.A., RADZIEJOWSKA M.P. WEB Application for Control Oxygen Regimes of the Body
Medical and Biological Cybernetics:
VOLOSHYN V.S., AZARKHOV O.Yu. Experience in Predicting the Risks Associated with Mechanical Damage to Human Bone Tissue Using Recurrent Neural Networks
BELOV V.M., KIFORENKO S.I., LAVRENIUK M.V., HONTAR T.M., KOZLOVSKA V.O. Information and Computer Technology for Supporting Human Mental Health Taking into Account its Characterological Properties
Issue 3 (217), article 1
HUBSKY O.M., PhD Student,
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3106-2770 e-mail: aleksey.gubsky@gmail.com
International Research and Training Center for Information
Technologies and Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine,
40, Acad. Glushkov av., 03187, Kyiv, Ukraine
ANALYSIS OF USER INTERFACES FOR GROUND CONTROL STATIONS OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES
Introduction. In the modern world, software (SW) is updated daily, particularly for ground control stations (GCS) of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). These systems ‘ user interfaces (UI) ensure operator interaction with the drone, flight control, mission planning, and realtime data acquisition. These interfaces must be functional, convenient, and intuitive, allowing operators to perform their tasks effectively. Examining global experience allows for an evaluation of existing systems and the identification of areas for improvement. Important aspects include creating intuitive UIs to prevent information overload, ensuring situational awareness, adapting to extreme conditions, and integrating with other systems. The use of virtual and augmented reality technologies, as well as artificial intelligence, can enhance the functionality and convenience of GCS. Such analysis will help in creating safe, efficient, and reliable systems for UAV control.
The purpose of the paper is to investigate and conduct a comprehensive analysis of existing user interfaces of software for UAV ground control stations, focusing on their functional capabilities and ease of use.
Methods. The following methodological tools were used: concepts of intellectualization of information technologies, the theory of intelligent control, the methodology of building autonomous systems, decision-making theory, and artificial intelligence theory.
Results. A review of global experience in user interface development was conducted. The UIs of each of the studied software were analyzed, and their functional capabilities were assessed, identifying their strengths and weaknesses. Comparative tables of interface products were compiled based on their functional capabilities and UI usability levels. Generalized recommendations were prepared for creating a unified interface that combines the best features of existing solutions and addresses their shortcomings.
Conclusions. The analysis of GCS UI design for UAVs showed that all systems have strengths and weaknesses. The UI of the Mission Planner software has the most extensive capabilities, but it also requires improvement. Future development should add roles for military pilots and operators, develop a more intuitive and user-friendly interface that meets user needs, and simplify SW settings. For working in extreme conditions, the interface needs to be optimized. Enhancements in data visualization will help make information clear and easy to understand, which is critically important in fast-paced and dangerous situations.
Keywords: user interface, ground control station, UAV, virtual reality, augmented reality.
REFERENCES
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5. B.A. Yam-Viramontes, D. Mercado-Ravell. Implementation of a Natural User Interface to Command a Drone. 2020 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS), Athens, Greece, 2020, pp. 1139–1144, https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/tamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9836056&isnumber=9835714
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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77772-2_14
Received: 27.05.2024
Issue 3 (217), article 2
Koval R.Yu., PhD Student,
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1798-3872, e-mail: kovalr2000@gmail.com International Research and Training Center for Information
Technologies and Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, 40, Akad. Glushkov av., Kyiv, 03187, Ukraine
METHOD OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF HIGH-LOAD SYSTEMS BASED ON MICROSERVICES ARCHITECTURE
Introduction. This study is relevant for the following reasons: high-load systems nowadays occupy the lion’s share of all developments in the field of information technology, because they can simultaneously support a large number of requests from end users, process large amounts of data and perform complex calculations, are highly efficient, easy to change, add new functionality, provide security guarantees for user information and support scaling. The faster they grow, the harder it is to control infrastructure resources. When the system receives an increase in the audience, the frequency and number of requests increases accordingly. It follows that the more requests, the more scaling the system needs. Thus, highly loaded systems are systems that need to be scaled all the time, with the right infrastructure and overall architectural concepts. This is the complexity of implementing such solutions, but from a business perspective, it is worth the effort.
The purpose of the paper is to develop a method of increasing the efficiency of highload systems at the level of architectural solutions.
Methods. Information-analytical research, mathematical modeling and algorithmic analysis of approaches to improving the efficiency of high-load systems.
Results. In order to develop a method for improving efficiency, the theoretical basis of the types of architecture of high-load systems is considered. A comparative analysis of the existing architectural approaches of such modern systems is carried out. Based on the principles of containerization and orchestration of application data, it was proposed to use an additional modified proxy layer for data exchange to reduce the processing time of a large number of requests.
Conclusions. A method for improving the efficiency of a highly loaded system based on a microservice architecture has been developed. Using this method will allow better deployment and scaling of complex software systems in the cloud.
Keywords: request, efficiency, high-load, infrastructure, architecture, scaling, microservice, container, proxy, server, cloud technologies.
REFERENCES
1. Shabani I. et al. Design of modern distributed systems based on microservices architecture International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications. 2021, V .12, №. 2.
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7. Gan Y., Delimitrou C. The architectural implications of cloud microservices. IEEE Computer Architecture Letters, 2018, V. 17, №. 2, pp. 155–158.
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9. Niu Y., Liu F., Li Z. Load balancing across microservices. IEEE INFOCOM 2018-IEEE Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 2018, pp. 198–206.
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10. Molchanov H., Zhmaiev A. Circuit breaker in systems based on microservices architecture. 2018.
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11. Aderaldo C. M. et al. Benchmark requirements for microservices architecture research. 2017 IEEE. ACM 1st International Workshop on Establishing the Community-Wide Infrastructure for Architecture-Based Software Engineering (ECASE). IEEE, 2017, pp. 8–13.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ECASE.2017.4
Received 20.05.2024
Issue 3 (217), article 3
Ivaneshkin O.I., DSc (Engineering), Senior Researcher,
Leading Researcher of the System Information Technologies Department, https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6800-2944, e-mail: al.ivaneshkin@gmail.com International Research and Training Center for Information
Technologies and Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, 40, Akad. Glushkov av., Kyiv, 03187, Ukraine
ANALYSIS OF A QUEUEING SYSTEM OF THE TYPE Ek / El / 1 / R WITH A PAIR OF INCOMING FLOWS OF REQUESTS, ABSOLUTE PRIORITY, LIMITED BUFER AND WAITING TIME
Introduction. The modern pace of industrialization of society and the integration of knowledge from various spheres of human activity have led to constantly growing volumes of collectively used and geographically distributed information. These circumstances were the reason for the creation of information networks and systems of various purposes, which not only became the main means of satisfying the demand for information and caused the need for global digitalization of almost all spheres of scientific and applied human activity, but also transferred to a new, larger-scale level understanding of the very problem of information interactions.
The stochastic nature of the processes occurring in networks has greatly complicated their work, turning nodes into the main and most numerous places of “concentration” of overloads, delays and other undesirable moments. Significantly reducing the efficiency of the software and hardware included in the nodes, they became capable of not only completely blocking the operation of the nodes themselves, but also of networks as a whole. Transitions to new generations of network protocols, of course, solve this problem, but not for a long period of time. With the exponential growth in the volume of information circulating in networks, such an approach is unlikely to become an universal panacea that can permanently and completely solve the problem.
The need for prompt delivery to the consumer of information that has not lost its value (due to its aging over time) and significantly lower resource costs during implementation are constantly attracting more and more attention to another approach to improving the efficiency of information exchange components. The main principles of this approach are the construction of the appropriate type of adequate models, their analysis, obtaining a set of required characteristics and parameters and subsequent modification, development and implementation of new generations of software as structural and functional elements of the nodes themselves. In most cases, another component is included in this chain – optimization (based on the principle of situational adaptation to existing conditions) using additive cost quality criteria.
The foundations of this version of the campaign were laid in the works of L. Takach, A.N. Kolmogorov, A.Y. Khinchin, B.V.Gnedenko, I.M. Kovalenko, a number of their students and researchers in other areas of scientific activity [1 – 6].
The purpose of the paper is to develop of models of new types of random access protocols in nodes of information networks and systems, the operation of which can be described and analyzed by means and methods of the theory of probability and stochastic processes. Studying models and obtaining a number of stationary and non-stationary characteristics that are important in practical terms, to solve problems of increasing the efficiency of nodes by reducing various types of losses of applications, the cost of temporary stay in the buffer and obtaining the ability to optimize the process of their functioning using dynamic programming methods.
Methods. Methods and means of the apparatus of the theory of probability and stochastic processes.
Result. A model of a new type of random access protocol in nodes of information networks and systems has been developed, the operation of which is described and analyzed by means and methods of the theory of probability and stochastic processes. A number of practically important stationary and non-stationary characteristics have been obtained to solve the problems of increasing the efficiency of nodes by reducing various types of losses of applications and the costs of their temporary stay in a buffer pool of a finite volume, as well as optimizing the process of their functioning using dynamic programming methods.
Conclusions. A model of a random access protocol in nodes of information networks and systems has been developed, the operation of which has been described and analyzed by methods and techniques of probability theory and stochastic processes. Expressions have been obtained for a number of practically important chr.c.t.s.s that serve as a basis for solving the problem of increasing the efficiency of node operation by reducing the loss of requests and the costs of their temporary stay in a finite-volume buffer, as well as optimizing the process of functioning of the QS by dynamic programming methods.
Keywords: information networks and systems, nodes, random access protocols, stochastic processes.
REFERENCES
1. Takâcs L. Math. Stat. Soc., 1961, 100, 1.
2. Schrage L. A proof of the optimality of the shortest remaining processing time discipline L. Schrage. Oper. Res. 1968, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 687–690. https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.16.3.687
3. Schweitzer P.J. Iterative solution on the functional equations of undiscounted Markov reneval programming. J. Math. Appl. 1971, Vol. 34, No. 3. pp. 495–501.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-247X(71)90094-1
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5. White D.J. Dinamic programming, Markov chains and the method of successive approximation. Ibid.1963, 6, No. 2, pp. 373–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-247X(63)90017-9
6. Foss S., Sapozhnikov A. On the Existence of Moments for the Busy Period in a Single-Server Queue. Math. of Oper. Res. 2004, Vol. 29, pp. 592–601. https://doi.org/10.1287/moor.1030.0074
7. Ivaneshkin A. I. Generalized dynamic programming procedure for control lyable semiMarkov processes with incomes. Journal of Automation and Information Sciences.2007, № 2, pp. 127–133.
8. N K Jaiswal. Priority Queues. ACADEMIC PRESS New York and London. 1968, p. 240.
9. Bellman, Richard (1957), Dynamic Programming, Princeton University Press. Dover
paperback edition (2003)
Received 09.07.2024
Issue 3 (217), article 4
ARALOVA N.I.1, DSc (Engineering), Senior Researcher,
Senior Researcher of Optimization of Controlled Processes Department,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7246-2736, e-mail: aralova@ukr.net
ARALOVA A.A.1, PhD (Mathematics)
Researcher of Methods for Discrete Optimization, Mathematical Modelling and Analyses of Complex Systems Department
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7282-2036, email: aaaralova@gmail.com
VYSHENSKYY V.I.1, PhD (Engineering),
Senior Researcher of Optimization of Controlled Processes Department,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9127-8520, email: vyshenskyy@ukr.net
MASHKINA I.V. 2, PhD (Engineering),
Associate Professor Head of Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information Technology and Management ORCID 0000-0002-0667-5749, e-mail: mashkina@kubg,edu.ua
RADZIEJOWSKI P.A.3, DSc (Biology), Professor,
Professor of Department of Educational Studies
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8232-2705, e-mail: p.radziejowski@wseit.edu.pl
RADZIEJOWSKA M.P.4, DSc (Biology), Professor,
Professor of Faculty of Management, Department of Innovations and Safety Management Systems
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9845-390X, e-mail: maria.radziejowska@pcz.pl
1 Institute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 40, Acad.Glushkov av., 03187, Kyiv, Ukraine
2 Borys Grinchenko Kiev Metropoliten University, 18/2, Bulvarno-Kudriavska str., Kyiv, 04053 Ukraine, 04053
3 04053 Kazimiera Milanowska College of Education and Therapy, 22,Grabowa str., 61-473, Poznań, Poland
4 Czestochowa University of Technology 19b, Armii Krajowej str., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
WEB APPLICATION FOR CONTROL OXYGEN REGIMES OF THE BODY
Introduction. The muscular fitness of servicemen plays a significant role in the successful performance of military and professional tasks. Currently, 60 days are allotted for the training of a serviceman, so the task of optimizing this training is urgent. Typically, strength endurance can be effectively improved by combining strength, aerobic, and specific weight training. Therefore, the task of objective control of the training process is urgent. A number of sources emphasize the connection between the injuries of military personnel in the conditions of professional activity and aerobic productivity. That is why a model of regulation of the body’s oxygen regimes was chosen for the purpose of training control. The need to process large amounts of information justifies the need to develop convenient applications for this.
The purpose of the paper is to develop a web application for monitoring the training process of military personnel based on the model of managing the body’s oxygen regimes.
Methods. Mathematical modeling methods, programming methods.
Results. The developed web application for modeling the oxygen regimes of the body allows for objective control of speed and strength training of military personnel. The web application is developed on the OpenXava platform, which provides the user with a more convenient service, is suitable not only for the Windows operating system, but also for Linux, Mac, UNIX, Android and does not require the installation of additional software.
Keywords: mathematical model of regulation of oxygen regimes of the body, professional military activity, speed-power training of the military.
REFERENCES
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9. Nindl B.C., Eagle S.R., Frykman P.N., Palmer C., Lammi E., Reynolds K., Allison K., Harman E. Functional physical training improves women’s military occupational performance. J Sci Med Sport. 2017, Nov;20 Suppl 4:S91-S97. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.07.012. Epub 2017, Jul 14. PMID: 28986086
10. Nindl B.C., Jones B.H., Van Arsdale S.J., Kelly K., Kraemer W.J. Operational Physical Performance and Fitness in Military Women: Physiological, Musculoskeletal Injury, and Optimized Physical Training Considerations for Successfully Integrating Women Into Combat-Centric Military Occupations. Mil Med. 2016, Jan;181(1 Suppl):50-62. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00382. PMID: 26741902.
11. Richmond V.L., Carter J.M., Wilkinson D.M., Homer F.E., Rayson M.P., Wright A., Bilzon J.L. Comparison of the physical demands of single-sex training for male and female recruits in the British Army. Mil Med. 2012, Jun;177(6):709-15. doi: 10.7205/milmed-d-11-00416. PMID: 22730848.
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15. Dada E.O., Anderson M.K., Grier T., Alemany J.A., Jones B.H. Sex and age differences in physical performance: A comparison of Army basic training and operational populations. J Sci Med Sport. 2017, Nov;20 Suppl 4:S68-S73. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 18. PMID: 29100826.
16. Knapik J.J., Sharp M.A., Canham-Chervak M., Hauret K., Patton J.F., Jones B.H. Risk factors for training-related injuries among men and women in basic combat training. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001, Jun;33(6):946-54. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200106000-00014. PMID: 11404660.
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Received 29.06.2024
Issue 3 (217), article 5
Voloshyn V.S., DSc. (Engineering),
Professor of the Department of Labor Protection and Environment https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6809-6779, e-mail: vsvlshn52@gmail.com
Azarkhov O.Yu., DSc. (Medicine),
Professor of the Biomedical Engineering Department https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0062-0616, e-mail: alexazarhov@gmail.com Pryazovsky State Technical University of the Ministry
of Education and Science of Ukraine, 29, Gogolya str., Dnipro; 49000, Ukraine
EXPERIENCE IN PREDICTING THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH MECHANICAL DAMAGE TO HUMAN BONE TISSUE USING RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORKS
Introduction. There are new, in addition to probabilistic and statistical, methods of risk assessment, which require their own methods of analysis and numerical estimation. One of these methods, recognized in a variety of application fields, is associated with the use of direct propagation neural networks. This approach makes it possible to expand the range of tasks that are solved in the field of risk analysis. There are quite a number of systems that require assessment in terms of risk formation, but which are associated with a large number of random factors related to the risk-forming events of the system and its states. Such systems are difficult to model with the help of well-known neural networks. Within the framework of the work, it is proposed to use the capabilities of deep recurrent neural networks with feedback as stabilizing factors with minimization of operational information that needs to be remembered in the process of calculating and operating such a network. Such a model for mechanical damage to human bone tissue depending on a large number of random or indeterminate input signals is proposed to be used in this work.
The purpose of the paper is to develop a technique for the use of deep recurrent neural networks and to create a model for predicting event risks associated with the impact of input signals with a high degree of uncertainty or random signals on the system. To provide opportunities for predicting such risks using examples related to injuries of the human skeletal system for its various conditions and conditions.
Results. A technique for using recurrent neural networks to predict the risks associated with the violation of the integrity of the human skeletal system was developed.
A model of a recurrent neural network was created to predict random events associated with a violation of the integrity of the human skeletal system. Double calculation, aimed at a variety of results, is a confirmation of the performance of the proposed model.
It is shown that, depending on the scope of the task set in the analysis, its result is a three-dimensional matrix in coordinates (Xij ∧ Yp;T; φ). At each subsequent step of the iteration in the matrix (φ Xij ∧ Yp;T), by cutting off that part of the potential risk-generating events that, in the opinion of the neural network, are less predicted for each age composition, in favor of other events, real risk-forming events are filtered out, which have predominant values for the system.
Conclusions. On the example of random events that accompany mechanical damage to human bone tissue, the ability of models created on the basis of RNN with feedbacks to avoid the uncertainty of risks accompanying human life in four specified ranges of life time and to determine the most effective ones for each of them for a modern person is shown.
The ability of activation functions of the bifurcation nature of one of the synapse layers to qualitatively filter random signals in systems of recurrent neural networks with DT-RNN (Deep Transition RNN) feedbacks is shown.
The use of deep recurrent neural networks in the formalized version provides new opportunities for taking into account groups of random but real events in the analysis of event risk by clarifying the feedback, and at each subsequent step of their iteration to obtain more accurate data to predict such risk, avoiding the uncertainty of the system state. The formalization of this process provides opportunities to predict random risks for certain groups of the population as a priority, and to use them in the preventive work of medical institutions of the first group of care.
Keywords: risks, random events, recurrent neural network, human skeletal system.
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Received 11.06.2024
Issue 3 (217), article 6
Belov V.M.1 , DSc (Medicine), Professor,
Head of the Department of Mathematical and Technical Methods in Biology and Medicine
https://orcid.org/0000-80120001-9717,e-mail: motj@ukr.net
Kiforenko S.I.1 , DSc (Biology), Senior Researcher,
Senior Researcher of the Department of Mathematical and Technical Methods in Biology and Medicine
https://orcid.org/00000000-0001-2345-6789, e-mail: skifor@ukr.net
Lavreniuk M.V.2, PhD (Phys&Math),
Docent of the Department of Computer Methods of Mechanics And Control Processes
https://orcid.org/00000003-2476-6193, e-mail: mykolalav@ukr.net
Hontar T.M.1 , PhD (Biology), Senior Researcher,
Senior Researcher of the Department Mathematical and Technical Methods in Biology and Medicine
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-0709, e-mail: gtm_kiev@ukr.net
Kozlovska V.O.1 ,
Researcher of the Department of Mathematical and Technical Methods in Biology and Medicine
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5898-1639, e-mail: vittoria13apr@gmail.com
1 International Research and Training Centre for Information Technologies and Systems of the NAS and MES of Ukraine,
40, Glushkov av., Kyiv, 03187, Ukraine
2 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv,
60, Volodymyrska str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
INFORMATION AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY FOR SUPPORTING HUMAN MENTAL HEALTH TAKING INTO ACCOUNT ITS CHARACTEROLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Introduction. The current stage of the development of society is characterized by an avalanche-like increase in information, which, due to the continuous and rapidly growing pace, has acquired the character of the information industry. Currently, the problem of developing and using information systems in those areas of activity that are related to human health, especially in the areas of psychosocial status of a person who was under the negative influence of stressogenic factors caused by the state of war, is gaining relevance. Therefore, the development of information technology, which includes methods of operative diagnosis of the psychological state of a person, methods of qualifying corrective and rehabilitation measures with the involvement of the willpower of the victims, taking into account their characterological properties and the strength of the personal “I”, are of great importance. Providing psychological support to persons who have been under the negative influence of psychogenic factors is an urgent and rather complex problem. We consider it expedient to involve the means of modern computer technologies in its solution.
The purpose of the paper is to develop a computer decision-making support system for the rehabilitation of the psychosocial state of health of a person who was under the negative influence of psychogenic factors, taking into account personal character traits.
Results. A hierarchical structure of health assessment technology was developed, taking into account personal characterological properties.
On the basis of a hierarchical approach, an information-technological structure of classification and evaluation of human character properties has been developed.
A program algorithm for the application of rehabilitation measures depending on the strength of manifestation of characterological properties of the individual has been synthesized.
A computer system was developed to support rehabilitation decision-making by a person with psychological problems, taking into account his personal character traits.
Conclusions. The developed classification of the working information array, which is carried out using a hierarchical approach, systematizes and transforms a huge amount of unordered data related to the psychological component, taking into account the character, into an information product convenient for further computer-technological transformations.
The developed information technology, implemented in a computer decision support system, is a constructive tool for increasing the accessibility and efficiency of providing the necessary specific information to the user when choosing rehabilitation measures, taking into account the personal characteristics of his character.
Taking into account the characterological components of mental status in the developed computer support system for making rehabilitation decisions by persons who were under the influence of psychological overstrain in connection with martial law increases the purposefulness of recommendations in the case of independent selection of health measures.
Keywords: human character, hierarchical modeling, negative psychogenic factors, mental health, computer decision support system.
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Received 29.08.2024